تبیینی بر گسست و تحول نظری از تروریسم کلاسیک به تروریسم نوین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول: استادیار روابط بین‌الملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز،

2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم سیاسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

تروریسم به‌عنوان پدیده­ای اجتناب­ناپذیر، کنشگران رسمی و غیررسمی سیستم بین­الملل را به شکل مستقیم و غیرمستقیم درگیر خود کرده است و به‌تدریج گستره جغرافیایی اقدامات تروریستی بیشتر شده است. این مقاله با بررسی توان پاسخ­دهی نظریه‌های مطرح در عرصه سیاست بین­الملل نسبت به تحول مفهومی تروریسم، به‌دنبال ارائه پاسخ به این پرسش است که مهم­ترین مشخصه­های تحول نظری از تروریسم کلاسیک به مدرن کدامند؟ برهمین‌اساس با بیان اینکه، نظریات مطرح در عرصه سیاست بین­الملل، نتوانسته تروریسم نوین را به‌خوبی تحلیل کنند، این فرضیه را مورد ارزیابی قرار داده است که براساس نگاهی سیستمی و چندسطحی باید گفت که به‌دنبال فرایند جهانی­شدن و تغییر در نظام بین­الملل، گسست و تحول نظری در مفهوم تروریسم نوین نسبت به نوع کلاسیک ایجاد شده است. برهمین‌اساس، مهم­ترین مؤلفه‌های گسست و تحول نظری تروریسم کلاسیک به تروریسم نوین عبارتند از: افزایش تهدیدات، عمومیت‌یافتن و موسع‌شدن، تغییر در ماهیت و کارکرد، اهمیت‌یافتن تروریسم سازمانی، شبکه­ای و سایبری، گستردگی جغرافیایی تروریسم بین­المللی و تغییر در واکنش کنشگران نسبت به تروریسم بین‌المللی. این پژوهش از نوع نظری است و روش پژوهش، تبیینی و شیوه گردآوری داده‌ها مبتنی‌بر منابع کتابخانه­ای و اینترنتی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Explanation of the Break and Theoretical Transformation from Classical Terrorism to Modern Terrorism

نویسندگان [English]

  • fariborz arghavani pirsalami 1
  • mozafar hasanvand 2
  • mohsen shokri 2
1 Corresponding author: assistant professor of international relations, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Shiraz University, Iran farghavani@shirazu.ac.ir
2 PhD candidate in political science, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Shiraz University, Iran
چکیده [English]

As an inevitable phenomenon, terrorism has directly and indirectly engaged the formal and informal actors of the international system, and has gradually expanded the geographical scope of terrorist acts. This research is intended to assess the capability of the theories of international politics to respond to the conceptual transformation of terrorism, and to try to provide an answer to this question: “What are the most important features of the theoretical transformation of classical terrorism to modern terrorism?” With this in mind, due to the fact that theories in the field of international politics have not been able to analyze modern terrorism well, we tried to test the hypothesis that, there is a theoretical rupture in the concept of modern terrorism compared to the classical type following the process of globalization and change in the system International on the basis of systemic and multilevel views. Accordingly, the most important components of the theoretical transformation and of classical terrorism compared to modern terrorism are: increase of threats, generalization and expansion, change in the nature and function, importance of organizational, networking and cyber terrorism, geographical spread of international terrorism and change in activists' reaction to international terrorism. This is a theoretical research following explanatory method whose data are collected on the basis of library and internet resources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Classic terrorism
  • modern terrorism
  • theory
  • globalization
  • international politics

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فصلنامه آفاق امنیت
دوره 14، شماره 50 - شماره پیاپی 50
فصلنامه بهار
خرداد 1400
صفحه 31-60

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 31 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 مهر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 اردیبهشت 1400

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