Designing a Comprehensive Model for Asymmetric Warfare Using Meta-Synthesis

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Political Science, College of the Great Prophet (PBUH), Imam Hossein (PBUH) University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Regional Studies, Imam Hossein University

Abstract

In the present era, classical battles no longer respond to security and military needs due to new complexities in political, social, and technological arenas. Rapid technological changes and the emergence of asymmetric threats have rendered traditional approaches ineffective. Therefore, considering the hardware, software, and human resources disparities between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the global arrogance front, any strategy designed to confront the enemy in political, military, security, cultural, social, economic, and other areas should follow the rules of asymmetric warfare. This article utilizes the meta-synthesis method to review and synthesize findings from existing research on asymmetric warfare. Key elements were extracted and interpreted from various articles to provide a comprehensive model. At the conclusion of the research, 10 general components of asymmetrical warfare were presented, categorized into three dimensions: software, hardware, and human resources. Additionally, 16 general rules for the victory of the weaker side in an asymmetrical conflict were provided.

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Security Horizons

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 22 September 2025

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History

  • Receive Date: 08 March 2025
  • Revise Date: 21 May 2025
  • Accept Date: 26 August 2025
  • Publish Date: 22 September 2025

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