Imam Hussein University Security Horizons 2538-1857 13 48 2020 10 22 An Investigation of the Most Important Factors Affecting the Currency Crisis in 2018-2019 An Investigation of the Most Important Factors Affecting the Currency Crisis in 2018-2019 51 76 205673 FA Sayyed Yahya Alavi Razavi Corresponding author: Assistant professor at Imam Hussein Comprehensive University Najaf Ali Shahbazi Assistant professor at Imam Hussein Comprehensive University Muhammad Hussein Ahadi Master of economics, Imam Sadegh University Journal Article 2020 04 08 Currency crisis, including sharp, continuous and unconscious rise in the exchange rate is considered as a threat to the economy and economic security due to its overwhelming effects on economic main indicators, especially on inflation and destabilization. Currency crisis has occurred in several eras regarding the Iranian economy, the most recent and perhaps most important of which occurred in 2018, imposing continues far-reaching political, security and economic consequences. Investigating the causes and factors of this crises and identifying the roles of each of these factors are vitally important, and will result in the persuasion of a stable economic governance. Hence, this research is intended to have an attempt to identify the importance and weight of each factor using the focus group method by interviewing experts and agents dealing with the causes affecting this phenomenon. The results indicated that, although the return of US unilateral sanctions by Trump in 2018 imposed negative effects on Iran’s exchange market, the most important factor in the currency shock of 2018 was due to the Iranian central bank's withdrawal from foreign exchange market. Following it, the incorrect policy and wrong decision of setting a fix rate of 42000 Rials for an American Dollar at the beginning of 2018, increased the demand for foreign exchange without return, and hoarding of foreign exchanges by major exporters that mainly depended on the government. Currency crisis, including sharp, continuous and unconscious rise in the exchange rate is considered as a threat to the economy and economic security due to its overwhelming effects on economic main indicators, especially on inflation and destabilization. Currency crisis has occurred in several eras regarding the Iranian economy, the most recent and perhaps most important of which occurred in 2018, imposing continues far-reaching political, security and economic consequences. Investigating the causes and factors of this crises and identifying the roles of each of these factors are vitally important, and will result in the persuasion of a stable economic governance. Hence, this research is intended to have an attempt to identify the importance and weight of each factor using the focus group method by interviewing experts and agents dealing with the causes affecting this phenomenon. The results indicated that, although the return of US unilateral sanctions by Trump in 2018 imposed negative effects on Iran’s exchange market, the most important factor in the currency shock of 2018 was due to the Iranian central bank's withdrawal from foreign exchange market. Following it, the incorrect policy and wrong decision of setting a fix rate of 42000 Rials for an American Dollar at the beginning of 2018, increased the demand for foreign exchange without return, and hoarding of foreign exchanges by major exporters that mainly depended on the government. https://ps.ihu.ac.ir/article_205673_d1ef48e5ce0000a94cace500e1350049.pdf